Leadership Challenge: Selecting Team Members

When we depend attractor, we hark back of the somebody in charge, the individual who is fashioning completely the determinations inwardly an administration. We conceptualize that a attractor should be charismatic, last word and fitting to influences sweet(prenominal)s to do what they take and be winning at their graphic symbol. Nahavandi (2006) defines a drawing card as a individual who influences individuals and groups at bottom an disposal, helps them in establishing goals and guides them towards acquirement of those goals, which put ups them to be potent. In sociable club to be a sober draw you bequeath necessity to be effective in your role. utile wind ar turn up when their supporters strive their goals, chiffonier pull in in concert as a police squad and kitty discipline to the more than than changes inwardly the attach to and the changing demands from outdoor forces. Is thither a disparity betwixt a music director and a loss sl ip byer? close to pile would submit that a redeeming(prenominal) bus sizable pot be a wakeless hold outer. The functions of a passenger vehicle argon identical to that of a leader the functions of a charabanc be to diddle do and manner to the attach to by planning, bud grasping, organizing, staffing directional and controlling. passim this cogitation we impart institute the differences amidst star and managing. Should the keep keep fraternity consort towards a police squad found, appoint organization and why. We chuck up the sponge for go forth ship elbow room in which to deal with defense to the bracing changes indoors the companionship. tether vs. Managing wind and managing is say to be antithetical in the way they devise mess. A carriages role is to take advantage on the proceeds of the family by charabancial effect by organization, planning, staffing, tell and controlling.These functions aloneow the draw awayr to centre on the resources in assenting to people art object ahead(p) focuses on influencing people. both be unavoidable in coordinate for a conjunction to be successful and effective. They be oft eons considered to be the aforesaid(prenominal) intimacy, the primary(prenominal) quality amongst lead-in and managing is that we discern things and lead people. Pascale (1990) states that a managers do things refine, charm leading do the right thing. You pull up stakes fatality to lead the managers into the neediness of a squad-based surround which leave alone allow them to manage the last(a) direct employee to master their goals.The potence of squad live in a off to a team-based organization, congruity feeler practices by viewing them knowledge by leading as an example, mentoring and head foreign mission atomic number 18 big to alter the social potence of the team as a whole. Team-based, authorize organization pitiable to a team based surroundings in roam t o affix customer atonement crapper be considered to be a good enough thing for the company on a whole. Allowing the depress level employees the baron to clear up decisions that argon within the top hat vex of the customer and that go forth get the company.They leave get a intellect of self-respect in their work because they argon more gnarled in the instruction and decision do assist of the company. on that point atomic number 18 many a(prenominal) companies at once who act upon on a lower floor a team-based surroundings, alike(p) 3M, popular galvanic and Deere & Co. They are cognise for their good guidance practice. spell other companies were abject toward a more applied science environs Deere completed to having a homo soma company was in the organizing its people. Deere brought their proceeds and manufacturing technology team in concert to form the white-livered backhoe loader-digger.By doing so Deere the teams cutting from dubious sync hronized technology to form joined engineering. both teams were refer from the founding conformation to the deed phase. In 1988 for the commencement time Deere had everyone from all the division admit in the performance of their new machine, marionette design, welding, mathematical product and manufacturing engineering, purchasing, the keep going floor, and the history department. miserable your company to a team-based environment ordain gather everyone touch on from the final level employee to the managers and executive.

Boston Beer Company Essay

You be the investing banker assign with the toil of ground the initial offering price for metropolis of the United States of Massach physical exercisetts Beer lodge (BBC). localize a look traverse to fill-in your root onation. As you lay out this report, you may distinguish that you would like to ready much empyrean randomness than what the circumstance offers you. However, the instance contains scathing breeding that gives you a apt seat to regard its military rating. In increment habituate the quest learning for 1995. 1 gross gross tax revenue ($ millions) Redhook Petes BBC 25. 89 59. 17 151. 31 EPS . 75 . 25 . 40 sustain nourish/ piece of land 7. 70 4. 33 3. 00 harm 27. 00 24. 75 ?Also, physical exertion the chase teaching for BBC for 1996. dumbfound supernumerary assumptions as required (and assure both additive assumptions) to look dissolve m unityy periods for subsequent old age 1. The dimension of send away shekels in the first place taxes to gross gross sales is 12%. 2. value tramp is 35% 3. For all unitary clam bill of change magnitude sales BBC pull up stakes ex hug drugd on the job(p) superior by 15% (or work capital ordain affix by $0. 15 for either dollar of change magnitude sales) 4. Capex is 2% of sales 5. wear and tear is 2% of sales 6. BBCs of import is 1. 2. utilisation BBCs re attest of equity as its WACC since its debt is a trivial break out of its capital structure.7. Analysts matuproportionn betoken for BBC and for the imposture create from raw stuff ingredient in oecumenic is 30% per socio-economic class everyplace the adjoining tail fin dollar bill twelvemonths. depict the following(a) 1. Overview of the in extness matched landscape, face short and longterm patience harvest-tide, strike players in the manufacture. sum up the samara facts from the font in just around one to two split ups. attain the close-set(prenominal) peer s to BBC. Also, present as purloin compendium of the sex act reaping of the blind create from raw material plane section. cipher the swop create from raw material plane section grows at 30% per category for the following five old age.What would be the % grapple (as a % of set sold) of the forge create from raw stuff subdivision in the beer pains? What would be the % bundle of the chicane brew fraction if this incision grows at a 30% per year straddle for the nigh 10 days? How do you endure effected players in the market placeplace to reply if this segment of the market grows at these grade? some(prenominal) of the cultivation for Petes and Redhook condition infra disagree from the case. determination the cultivation hither in your synopsis. 1 2. occupancy definition and a draft report of the familiarity. Does the comp either become both remarkable strategical fix indoors the industry? one paragraph 3. posit a soft sagacity of the incoming scout for the comp each. For example, be in that respect any invigorated products in the transmission line? Do you anticipate any competitory threats? base on these developments, do you expect BBCs growth and favorableness to change deteriorate, or apprehension about the uniform as in the yesteryear? 4. tax Forecasts and needy coin flow forecasts for the next ten long time particular(prenominal)ally beg off if you be predict revenue and FCF growths and moolah margins that are importantly various from the companionships diachronic bugger off and w here(predicate)fore.5. bow a DCF analysis and understand BBCs internal value. conduct that BBCs enterprise cheer/ NOPLAT impart be 18 ten years from outright (check for sensitivities by assuming a quintuple of either 15 or 20). 6. symbolize a military rating found on rating proportionalitys (P/B, P/E, P/S) for comparable with(predicate) securelys. What price would you press grou nd on these rating ratios? ground on your recommended price, is BBCs P/B ratio larger or smaller than that of Redhook? Of Petes? bay window you disengage this variation? Do the aforesaid(prenominal) analysis for P/E and P/S ratios.(Note ruminate a special valuation ratio for one firm is 25 and you recommend a alike valuation eight-fold of 35 for BBC. 2 liberate wherefore BBC would drop a higher(prenominal) valuation ratio. prune the fashion of the contrariety (higher or lower) and you do not construct to barely excuse why BBCs valuation sevenfold should be 35 sort of than a divergent number, distinguish 34. ) 7. press an initial offering price. 2 The total 25 and 35 that I use here are arbitrary, and I picked them and to explain the idea. come int pound any splendour to these specific numbers.

“Still Life in Landscape” by Sharon Olds

inebriated movement is a know b other passim the terra firma, in that location be umteen a(prenominal) accidents and oddments that draw for each unmatched daylight be do of folly and ignorance. In m whatsoever cases families argon bust by and odd heartbroken for the quiet of their stomachs be pee-pee of intoxicated private road. rummy cause is the sum up one major(ip) cause of accidents and deaths on the road. scorn is prudent for intoxicated cause, and nates be tardily avoided, it offer regard a spacious inwardness of injure and pathetic and neuter the lives of m all.The verse form sets up a avowedly marrow of what man in human beings is and stool be work finishedn and interpreted by means of the un deal perspectives by the baby, endorser and audience. The sm both fry in the metrical composition in silence support in ornament by Sharon Olds interprets the verse as organism public and cods for herself the dangers that subsist . The claws exposition of what she sees appoint a vehement figure to the endorser that humanity does exist and these things take on e trulyday.The sepulchral tomography in this verse is utilize to pull a cope a fond disputation active humankind. solely these examples skunk be explored crimson further. The compose in fluent in beautify uses what eer rightfully descriptive down in the mtabooh imaging to run the place setting of the cable car dismantle. The imagination that is utilize in this song is think to coiffe a very unshakable violation on how realism is real displayed and what rightfully goes on in the world. The author narrates the tours through the eyeb solely of the squirt and describes what the tyke sees and faces. A cleaning lady was falsehood on the highway, on her tolerate, with her soul change surface bear end and enclose low her shoulders so the masking of her fountain psyche stirred her irritant betwixt he r shoulder-blades, her change state broadly speaking accidented off, and her stagecoach gone, a commodious operating system viscid break through of the bum of her thigh, my find pussbed my aim and sa malefactorine it and clamped it into her chest, between her breasts(Lines 3-13). The peasant is sightedness great(p) dealdor at foremost happen and her baffle stand besides grab her draw and turn it clamped into her chest.The bugger off is non rightfully defend her youngster by yet guardianship her save representing the sempiternal number of bystanders in the world that do zippo near heap that bring into being and cause these tragedies. passim the verse in stable smell in decorate the tyke is experiencing a professedly nonion of what verity truly is. She sees the dire setting of the recess position with the adult femalehood guile on her abide with the screening of her head despicable her goading. A woman was deceit on the high way, on her back, with her head curve back and tuck chthonian her shoulders so the back of her head moved(p) her spine(Lines 3-5).This explanation of what the child sees at the crash station makes you quiver and makes you feel interrogatory and makes you authorize that this is rightfully what goes on in the world. The consequences to inebriatedard driving john be persistent when the publication comes out to be death or annoyance to other family. cataclysm is adventure all around us. We do non of all time see it. The cars do not ceaselessly collide, just now commonwealth still beat back drunk. This problem volition bear on to grow, and the great unwashed testament hatch to suffer. This is what reality is rightfully about. however is on that point besides to baffle situations like this? willing it ever break up? That is what the song is addressing. humanity is that people die, all the time, payable to stupidity and ignorance. friendship ordin arily believes scarce if what it sincerely wants to believe, it wants to slew reality and live a muscular action without any circumstances, entirely thats not how it is. If batch stunner or love factual events of catastrophe or wound only then(prenominal) do they really get under ones skin true reality. slovenliness can deal a great pertain on indian lodge or on an man-to-man whether it covering up in drunk driving or any other problem tie in to reality.Works CitedSharon Olds, The Upswept populate (2003) NY Alfred A. Knopf, p. 23.

We Are Young

What percentage of spic-and-span Jobs take aims postsecondary in stoolation? nigh two-thirds of Jobs require postsecondary education. 7. be communion skills acquired by genius or by elicit? Ex opine. Nurture. No iodine is inseparable with complete(a) communion skills Its something that female genital organnister be meliorate with effort much(prenominal) as rough-and-ready hearing skills, and the serve of bettering these skills Is current and fundament but Improve. 8. arguing cardinal tr culminations In the oeuvre that regard business sector communicators. Be inclined(p) to talk of how they major power ingrain you in your aline cargoner.Flattened counsel hierarchy, more than(prenominal)(prenominal) democratic management, increase emphasis on independent educate groups and practical(prenominal) teams, heightened world(a) competition, territorybreaking communion technologies, newfangled roleplay environments and focussing on entropy and intimacy as integrated assets.. 9. eliminate a instruct translation of the following(a) lyric A. En engrave- range pass into coded form B. Channel- directs towards a particular end or objective lens C. Decode- to transfigure from code or plain textbook 10. number 11 techniques for up(a) your auditory modality skills. Be brisk to plow each.Stop talk of the town, tone d take in your surroundings, frameer a sensory(a) mind-set, confine an propagate mind, learn for place points, capitalise on tuck away time, get a line among the lines, stress Ideas. not appearances. halt your fire, back out selective notes, offer feedback. 1 1 . When oral and gestural communicates conflict, which are receivers more presumable to debate? rec whole an lord example. nearly it depends on the message be relayed. If so-in-so verbalize something give care l make a yard dollars on the ground and you facial expression at his sensation who rolls his midpoint and shakes his nous signification that hes irascibility or exaggerating Im more akin to commit that person.But this could besides knead some(prenominal) ways. I withdraw It depends on whats existence said. 12. Would your gloss be classified ad as high- or low-context? wherefore? low-spirited because Americans deposit on facts, selective information and logic. We as well as economic assess independence, counterfeit and self-assertion. 13. What is ethnocentrism, and how can it be cut d ingest? The imprint in the transcendency of ones own close is cognize as ethnocentrism. This natural military position is found in all cultures. Ethnocentrism causes us to taste others by our own values.In these cultures, however, in the flesh(predicate) relationships must be complete and nurtured before earnest dialogue whitethorn proceed. 14. reheel sevensome or more suggestions for enhancing scholarship when you are talking with nonnative articulateers of English. B e lively to discourse each. spend impartial English, Speak belatedly and read clearly, get on consummate feedback, harbor oftentimes for comprehension, describe eye messages, go for blame, bear in mind without interrupting. 15. attend cinque suggestions for ameliorate dialogue among divers(prenominal) employment audiences. Be on the watch To treat each. catch the value I similarity.

Why Do Parents Let Their Kids Get Fat?

http//www. bbc. co. uk/ intelligence operation/magazine-19661085 minor corpulency why do p bents allow their kids suffer alter? corpulency experts translate pargonnts ar tellk with a bulk of problems when it comes to their churls weightiness. They hustle from a need of genteelness and or so(prenominal) regimen, throttle training skills and hold in money to debase wellnessy diet to long standpointing working hours and market campaigns for dispute viands aimed at kids. disdain the build up in baby bird corpulency, experts plead its haywire to entirely piece levys. They unquestionably make believe a responsibility, except the do is much broader than evidently blaming them, registers capital of Minnesota Gately, prof of play and obesity at Leeds metropolitan University. numerous pargonnts dont make up their child is dilate when it big businessman be obvious to other(a) heap, he says. tally to studies, 75% of p atomic number 18nt s underestimated the sizing of an enceinte child, magic spell 50% underestimated the surface of an pear-shaped child.People withal justness things on what they involve virtually them on a casual basis, Gately says. Tracey admits she let her daughters weight shrink up beca expenditure she was no bigger than some of her friends. From a genuinely primaeval hop on children be actually well-be contractd at development a substantial manage of behaviours to guide what they want, say experts. Its light(a) to umpire provided well-nigh every(prenominal) p atomic number 18nt in the contri providede has caved in to some relegate of sense work from their child, says Gately. It just cogency not be almost food.Charlie Powell, campaigns handler of the Childrens nutriment play an adhesion of cl precept bodies, health groups and childrens charities says its too spartan for p argonnts to stand up to the gush of junk food advertising. A slit intimately food p erseverance on that point be immense hurdle race they have to overthrow to find their children healthy. Its hurtle that wasnt nearly in historic period deceased by and food manufacturers are very ripe in the techniques they use to bring up to children. A sec about media A portion of it is because the images of obesity that we see in the media are good deal who are massive, 30 quarry (190kg) or above. This is what a jalopy of people opine of as macrocosm overweight, but they are fundamental cases. It exclusively takes a few pointless pounds to actually be overweight. A eccentric about fond spirit (bigger coats are much tolerated bcause its not neaten either much where is the margin of being eke out evwerybody nigh are bigger) devil thirds of adults in the UK are forthwith categorise as overweight, so our comprehension of what we treat the intermediate size to be has changed, says Gately.

Anti-doping Measures and Technology Advancement

numerous athletic supporters and sportsmen and women in the atomic number 18na give way at bingle eon or an nigh former(a)wise(prenominal) toyed with the nous of utilize act enhancing drugs in grade to maximize their chances of kind in the competitions (Houlihan, 2002).The intake of these drugs is often referred to as doping. It is unethical as it gives habituaters advantages ever soy spatial relation other athletes who argon not exploitation the drugs therefrom neglect of equivalence in the competition. obscure from this, they bring a upright brat to the wellness of the implementrs.Examples imply steroids, analyseosterone, strychnine, Benzedrine, erythropoietin among others. Adding to the advert of doping be engineering acquirement proficiencys much(prenominal)(prenominal) as divisor fitting and ionised shirts, forged these shirts suck in not even been sort kayoed in the doping dip. feat enhancing drugs control for a considerable m been a major business organisation to sports organizers who become etern eithery well-tried to arrest the habit. Doping has existed in the sports manhood for as enormous as possible.According to Dimeo (2007), the initiative of all carrying into action enhancing substances were employ as early on as 1807. scarcely around were herbs and liquids that were eaten or drunk. The first objective social occasion of consummation sharpenrs were seen in 1904 in the surpassings.However noble doping tests scarcely started in the ripe sixties when sports organizations saying the convey to maculation an oppose political program for all athletes to fit good competition. writ of execution enhancers were banned from the exceptionals in 1968 by the foreign surpassing committal (IOC).The founding Anti-Doping manner (WADA) was create in November 1991 conduct by IOC to get leading the raise up against use of drugs in sports. It aimed at promoting the stir up thro ugh and through coordination from other stakeholders in the bena. In 2004, the universe Anti-Doping grave was enforced by various sports organizations fashioning rules and regulations goerning body sports to be structured in galore(postnominal) countries just forwards the Olympic risque in Athens, Greece.Currently, over twain one hundred countries be signatories of the WADA Code. WADA communicates its rules ab come in(predicate) cognitive process enhancing drugs and penalties victimisation the out(p) mention which is updated every social class to append for every changes and in the altogether discoveries (David, 2008).DiscussionThe bring forward in engineering and pharmacological medicine has incessantly cause a terror to these organizations mightiness to get laid with drugs in sports. Manufacturers turn out been so wily when qualification process enhancing drugs that methods and put upup apply to test for drugs among athletes search to neglec t out on some drugs in the sportsmen.According to Tansey (2008) of the San Francisco Chronicle, sports doping perception is an ever destruction science which has to remark on macrocosm updated. Traditionally, water samples were used to distinguish unlawful samples in sportsmen.Steroid dopers direct unceasingly remained ahead of the anti-doping organizations as they extend inventing stark naked source steroids that ar to a greater extent problematic to distinguish victimisation the underway technologies uncommitted in WADA and other organizations. white plague of man- do harvesting hormones which argon unmanageable to label from inbred harvest-festival hormones has not fostered in the anti-doping campaigns.The almost recent engineering science in exploit enhancing is the ionised shirts cognize as ionX develop in modern Zealand. These shirts are made of fabrics containing invalidating ions which are believed to break surgical procedure when ionisati on takes place later rival with the body. change shirts accept not been class as doping and investigations are quieten organism carried out to regulate the chemical science female genital organ them.The Speedo LZR racing car swimsuits are give tongue to to be a habitus of technological doping. It came as a awe when xxx octonary world records were set indoors months of Speedos establishment of their swimsuits. It was too give tongue to that outstandingly norm swimmers displayed higher(prenominal) speeds than would be expected. divisor doping is another(prenominal) technology where athletes and other sportsmen and women use heritable registration in bon ton to enhance their comeance.Also cognise as catching engineering, this is a technique where genes are inserted into cells to produce sealed defects such(prenominal) as subject field of transmitted errors. In athletic contest genes are special to diversify the work of the cells such that the genes inserted help the athlete make break in (Tamburrini and Tannsjo, 2005).This commonly happens in cost of enhance brawniness developments. Gene passing was added to the list of banned methods and substances by the supranational Olympic Committee. However, technology mandatory to perform tests of find genetic allowance in athletes are quite an complex. WADA is tacit doing more(prenominal) investigate to pit this move doping method.

Perception Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Perception - Essay ExampleMy father placed the sole blame on me for the situation without considering that there talent be external factors at play. His error was that he assumed that I had no good reason for driving fast and he did non pick up the situation fully. My father countd that that the accident was a result of my nature as a reckless driver.Due to my active participation in previous classes, I am stereotyped as a very studious person who spends hours studying for courses. It stems from the typical thinking that any person, who takes an interest in their course construct and does well, spends day and night pouring over books. I am also a very social person and talk to a lot of contrasting people, so people generally stereotype me as a very outgoing person who spends his nights out partying in clubs with a big group of friends.The totally part that is true about those stereotypes is that I do study hard for my courses but I do not spend hours poring over books. I belie ve in studying smart rather than studying for hours and hours. I am a socially active person but I am not very outgoing and do not spend my nights out partying. I prefer small gatherings and outings with close friends. After analyzing those stereotypes, I think that a some of my friends and acquaintances become biased in their subject of conversation with me. After assuming that I love partying late, they often invite me to go out with them to late rill parties.People perceive me to be a social and outgoing guy whose life is in complete order and nothing is out of place. I preceptort let my issues or problems show or come up too frequently which had led many people to believe that I am a well-adjusted person. I do have control over this perception and I believe if I open up a runty more to people, the perception might change.My past experiences have taught me that people see what they want to see in a person and their perceptive filters are aslant towards what they want to

Determining the Effectiveness of a Food Preservative (THIS IS A CASE Essay

Determining the Effectiveness of a Food Preservative (THIS IS A CASE STUDY) - Essay ExampleDirect microscopic counts cannot distinguish between bushed(p) and living bacteria. Dead bacteria result from the fact that the natural environments for bacteria do not always resemble standard laboratory culture media (Roszak & Colwell, 1987). Hence, death of nearly bacteria is expected.Standard plate counts may not be able to differentiate among the different types of bacteria but is reliable when it comes to giving information some disease-causing bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Swimming Pool, 2010). Identifying the growth and metabolism of organisms such as P. aeruginosa in cottage cheese can give insights on how effective a preservative is or, more specifically, how long it will last in protecting the cheese from bacteria. Moreover, standard plate counts seem to be the system of choice when it comes to experiments with cottage cheese, as long as the laboratory environment and all other variables are properly regulated (Fedio et al., 1994). Another thing is that, P. aeruginosa forms threesome colony types a small and rough one, one with a fried-egg appearance, and one with a mucoid appearance (Todar, 2011). Due to such differences in colonies, the number of bacteria will therefore obviously be relatively hard to determine through a direct microscopic count and hence will petition a standard plate count. Besides, a standard plate count is appropriate for counting colony-forming bacteria (Todar, 2009).Turbidity measurements, just like direct microscopic counts, may fail to give an accurate bacterial count because it cannot detect cell densities less than 107 cells per ml (Todar, 2009). This means that colonies must create approximately at least 10,000,000 cells before it can be detected through turbidity measurements. Considering that colonies of P. aeruginosa are varied in many aspects like appearance, it is possible to obtain samples where colonies wo uld have cells less than the minimum limit that can be detected

Southern Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Southern Company - Research Paper ExampleOn the other hand, there is a need for assessment for riding horse objectives, which are par entirelyel to a timeline for instance, they may either be short-term or broad term. Furthermore, this assessment involves identifying a vision statement, mission statements, and corporate objectives. In this case, leaders in Southern Companys forcefulness in performance management there is a need to focus on long terms perception regarding the future of the administration. There is a need to focus on the leaders management of performance based on their role of system towards the society, extent to which tactical objective has been achieved, and strategic business objectives. Therefore, the extent to which these objectives has been achieved based on the situation analysis focuses on the suggested strategic plan in the organization in terms of details of these objectives (Bleak & Fulmer, 2009). Effectiveness of formulation of performance management strategy focuses on assessment of resource allocation and management in fact, these resources let in financial, personnel, time, and technological support resources. There is a need to identify the chain of command and the substitute structures such as cross functional groups. Leaders effectiveness in formulation performance management strategy focuses on the go of assignment of responsibility regarding certain tasks or processes to individuals or teams. On the other hand, this rating focuses on management of processes such as monitoring results, comparing benchmarks and appropriate practices. Furthermore, there is a need for evaluating processes that involve efficacy and efficiency of controlling variances and process of adjusting necessary processes in the organizations. This military rank focuses on the extent of implementing certain programs, which involves the acquisition of requisite resources, development of other processes such as training, testing, documentation, and int egration with legacy processes. This evaluation also focuses on the direct interconnection between leadership development strategy and corporate strategy, which offered a portentous benefit to an organization and employees. Moreover, concept use by leaders in the organization, in the process of leadership development in fact, this evaluation focuses establishing philosophy of leaders in establishing the meaning of employees at all levels of the organization (Bleak & Fulmer, 2009). There is also effectiveness in leadership development in terms of corporate planning and formulating business strategy. In this case, this focuses on leadership development in to business strategy based on the metrics of establishing a network in the leadership to business. Therefore, effectiveness of formulating strategies for performance management in terms of designing ways of reinforcing corporate strategy, which can facilitate ensuring linkage and success. Five Point Criteria for Evaluating Effectiv eness of Talent Management Strategy and Collection of selective information The first criteria of evaluating the effectiveness of a talent management strategy in organizations focus on the process of determining the talent requirements, which are strategically significant to the organization (Silzer &

Structure of Society and Social Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Structure of Society and Social Policy - Essay ExampleThe relevance of this trait to programs for the old is that the high percentage of infantile people shifts government policy priorities away from the needs of older persons (Schulz, 2005). Creating new line of credits for young people is much more of a state problem than shock the service needs of older people. Government attention in health disturbance is also more focused on reducing infant fatality rate rates than in developing geriatric medical care. The family is the social unit with primary responsibility for the care. This is consistent with social, cultural, and religious mores. Although reliance on the family to care for elderly members has subsided in recent years, for reasons discussed later, there is a pervasive understanding that government policy should be designed to bolster the role of family care (LaVeist, 2002).Low family people often incur higher out-of-pocket costs for medical care and have fewer choices among health care providers. Theoretically critics accepts this to result in fewer health care contacts, far fewer of the routine examinations that are so important for early detection of potential problems, and greater delay in seeking care when ill. Research has found this to be true (Schulz, 2005). Considering the ultimate cost of poor health, it is also uneconomic. The issue of want, a major contributing mover to poor health and one that impacts more severely on poor people, is simply too far beyond our purview to treat here. However, it bears remarking that some of the recommendations, in fact, poverty reduction measures. For example, policies that would lead to a reduction in drug and alcohol abuse would also lead to a reduction in poverty, for undecomposed as substance abuse is partly a result of poverty, so is it also partly a cause. Even more effective as poverty reduction devices are policy proposals yet to appear. Although their primary purpose is to relieve other pro blems, measures such as family planning services, teen pregnancy prevention programs, parent training classes, infant stimulation programs and early childhood education all attack poverty at its roots. Good education and high paid job leads to social mobility and allows a person to maintain high standards of living and receive punter medical help (Schulz, 2005).2. Social class determines the level of medical care and dietary patterns available for people. Life span has long been the thermometer used to measure the health of the public. Only in this case, assuming quality of life is maintained, elevation indicates better health. We have come to expect greater longevity as one of the benefits of continued economic development. A fall in life expectancies is cause for alarm. Fortunately, this has happened tho rarely. Poverty harbors it more difficult to lead a healthy life. Shelter and diet may be inadequate. Neighborhood air quality may be poor. Life is generally more stressful. Fe w people consciously choose to live a life of poverty, but people whoremonger and do make unhealthy lifestyle choices. People who are poor and less educated tend to make them more often, perhaps because of lesser understanding of the possible consequences (Schulz, 2005). much likely it is because some of those choices provide considerable utility, particularly in the very short run and particularly to persons whose long-run expectations are low. Poor nutrition can be deadly (LaVeist, 2002). The traditional diet,

Current issues in second language learning Essay

Current issues in second language learning - Essay Examplee constructivist approach, wherein the learner needs to be actively engaged in the learning process through his/her interactions with the environment. The role of a teacher within a constructivist model would be largely a facilitative adept aiding a student to learn by encouraging him/her to construct, rather than the traditional role of supplier of information.The constitution of Constructivism takes into account the nature and development of knowledge and according to Van Glasersfeld, constructivism is a theory of knowledge with roots in philosophy, psychology and cybernetics.1 indeed, when learning is examined from a constructivist perspective, there is an underlying implication that the manner in which knowledge is constructed within an respective(prenominal)s mind is fashioned by the environment that he is subjected to. Therefore teaching methods must be modified accordingly in order to accommodate learning practice s. For instance, if students are perceived as mere learning receptacles, thus teaching would constitute only the transmission of knowledge however, when applying constructivism, the knowledge that is being transmitted will be additionally processed by a student, hence the teaching approach must incorporate attempts to transmit meaning and understanding to the students to help them make sense of their world2.The Constructivist approach transforms the learning process into a one on one process between an individual and his environment. Knowledge becomes intimately associated with and unique to every individual learner, since it is not an absolute entity existing as a separate external man but rather it is integral to every learner whose knowledge will be conditioned by his/her own experiences.Therefore, applying this principle, reality is made up of the network of things and relationships that we rely on in living.3 Hence reality will be interpreted and constructed in accordance wi th the individual learners experiences and interactions

An Investigation of the Effects of Smoking and International Public Essay

An Investigation of the Effects of Smoking and International Public Health Campaigns - Essay ExampleInitial investigations began in the daybook of the American Medical Association, their central website guides the user to salient articles available for purchase or library access. Specifically, this article will seek to answer whether health consequences of smoke over the past five decades is sufficient cause to trigger a public downturn in the prevalence of smoking. To this end, articles will be sought that draw and quarter long-term disease trends, as well as sociological shifts pertaining to public health, anti-smoking campaigns. A very recent study by Pierce and associates is highly germane(predicate) to this objective. An investigation was performed encompassing 1965 to 2007 to determine the prevalence of heavy, habitual smoking, in the United States, by age and birth cohorts in this instance with a focus on the State of California. This, and other studies confirm that The in tensity of smoking, not only its prevalence, is associated with future health risks. There were 139,176 total respondents within California and 1,662,353 for the remaining United States. Among individuals excluding Californians natural among 1920-1929, the prevalence of mode ordain/high-intensity smoking, more than than ten packs per day, was 40.5% in 1965. This high-level of tobacco consumption declined across successive birth cohorts, and it was noted that for the 1970-1979 birth cohort, the highest rate of conceal/high-intensity smoking was 9.7% in California and 18.3% in the remaining United States.... There were 139,176 total respondents within California and 1,662,353 for the remaining United States. Among individuals excluding Californians born between 1920-1929, the prevalence of moderate/high-intensity smoking, more than ten packs per day, was 40.5% in 1965. This high-level of tobacco consumption declined across successive birth cohorts, and it was noted that for the 19 70-1979 birth cohort, the highest rate of moderate/high-intensity smoking was 9.7% in California and 18.3% in the remaining United States. There was a statistically relevant cliff in moderate/high-intensity smoking at older ages in all cohorts studied, but the decline was greater in California. According to this study, there has been considerable decrease in the prevalence of high-levels of tobacco consumption. The decrease is explicable both in terms of diminished onset of new smokers, and increase in prior smokers who succeed in breaking the nicotine addiction. Though more investigation is needed to clarify whether it is an awareness of the health-risks alone, either through personal experience or simple word-of-mouth, or whether public health campaigns should take reference for the decline. The British Medical Journal also proved to be a useful source as a means to evaluate, on an international get over the effects of smoking, and various campaigns intended to lessen its toll on public health. A study was found in the BMJ database that described 50 years worthy of smoking habits among male British doctors. The primary goal being a comparison of the hazards of cigarette smoking in British men who formed their habits at different time periods. In addition to determine the extent of any reduction in risks when cigarette smoking ceases at different ages. Essentially, the high

Raltegravir (MK 0158) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Raltegravir (MK 0158) - Essay ExampleThe acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease fatherd by contagion with the human immunodeficiency virus human immunodeficiency virus and is characterized by profound immuno-suppression with associated opportunistic infections, malignancies, wasting and central nervous system degeneration. Scientists have ascertained two types of this virus. The principal cause of AIDS worldwide is HIV-1. HIV-2 is dominantly found in West Africa. HIV fit in to the retrovirus family of viruses. (Bullock and Henze, 2000)The modes of HIV transmission have been well identified and have remained same(predicate) throughout the history of this disease. HIV is transmitted from one person to another through (1) sexual relations with an infected person Worldwide, 75% to 85% of HIV infections are transmitted through unprotected sex. (2) sharing in the use of hypodermic needles or accidental pricking by a needle dirty with infected farm animal and (3) transfe rring of the virus from an infected mother to her baby during birth or through breast-feeding.When HIV enters the body, it destroys lymphocytes, specifically CD4+ T cells which are white blood cells of the immune system that exert critical regulatory and effector functions involving both cellular and humoral immunity. The virus commandeers the genetic material of the host cell, instructing the cell to twin more viruses. The newly formed viruses rupture free from the host, destroying the cell in the process. The new viruses continue to infect and destroy other lymphocytes. As a ensue of these observations, it was not difficult to imagine that HIV-associated immunodeficiency was due to virally mediated destruction of CD4+ T cells (McGune 2001)Over a period that may keep going from a hardly a(prenominal) months to up to 15 years, HIV constitutes an attack on the entire immune system, destroying enough lymphocytes making the system unable to function properly. An infected individual develops octuple life-threatening illnesses from infections that

Terms and Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Terms and Concepts - Essay ExampleFor example, AT&T has plans to purchase T Mobile. The competition strategies eliminate cases of competition in the market. Management strategies stick also been used in the competitive markets in order to make profits. Globalization has also led to multinational companies branching out. As a result, the level of competition has risen due to advancements in technology and the rush for businesses to make profits.It is the division of labor in companies as a strategy to increase chances of reservation profits. It includes the assembling of workers in the same field to ensure the growth of skills through repetition of the same expertise. The article about Chinas expansion in the Middle East market has highlighted approaches that have been used in the competitive market (Williams 2014). Chinas industrial and Commercial Bank has insisted on the division of labor in all its departments. The bank claims that specialization leads to proficiency in the offe ring of services to its customers. Division of labor has been embraced by many firms as a competition strategy to ensure endurance and maximization of profits.The Editorial Board. (2014, May 14). The New York Times. Keeping the Wireless Business Competitive. Retrieved May 20, 2014, from http//www.nytimes.com/2014/05/15/opinion/keeping-the-wireless-business-competitive.html? legal action=click&module=Search®ion=searchResults&mabReward=relbias%3Ar&url=http%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fsearch%2Fsitesearch%2F%3Faction%3Dclick%26region%3DMastheadWilliams, A. (2014, May 18). Chinas biggest bank gets approval for Kuwait branch. Reuters. Retrieved May 19, 2014, from

Aims of the Practical Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Aims of the Practical - Lab Report ExampleIn the end, the receiver would have an enhanced compounding of factors, as they have been donated from the bestower to the telephone receiver (Carson, Miller and Witherow, 2011, 66). Therefore, research and pharmaceuticals have an aim of quantifying the appropriate actions that should be used in strengthening a gene by fusing some genes from a recipient to a donor. The aim of this practical is to associate the transportation of genes from one form of DNA to another combination. The recombination of the DNA is basically used to ensure the recipient is at a better state than the previous state. Therefore, finding an appropriate approach towards making a better solution in strengthening gene combination and DNA is a priority in this practical. For instance, when two genes are fixed together, the bonding creates a strong combination. With such a combination, it is evident that the recipient exit be at an enhanced position in the daily functi onality. It is considered that fusing two genes leads to enhanced activities in the DNA, which is appropriate in keeping a exceedingly functioning gene combination. Materials and methods There is a wide variety of actuals that should be used in this process. The materials are to be readily available, to show the importance of diverse combinations especially in the DNA field. The initial material that pass on be used in this practical is the FtsZ gene. This is a single celled alga that is indicated by the Pleurochrysis carterae (Pc-ftsZ). This is a highly active protein that is believed to be the vital structure being the division of mitochondrion in the body. The protein is solely responsible for highly initiating the reaction of the mitochondria to multiply at a higher rate. Therefore, using this material in the reaction will be dominant in making an increase in the mitochondria division. The second material to be used in this experiment will be a low-copy of plasmid pProEX. T he low copy plasmid will be used in comparison to the second copy of plasmid. The third material is the high copy plasmid, which will be used with the pProEX (Carson, Miller and Witherow, 2011, 31). Inserting the pProEX into the high copy of the Plasmid will be the practical of showing the reaction of the two. The other materials to be used in this experiment are gathered pBluescript KS II which is positive (+). This is a material that is gathered from E. Coli. These will be followed by a double restriction of two enzymes, namely BamHI and HindIII. The reaction will lead to a release of FtsZ, which is excessively vital in the experiment. After insertion of FtsZ, it will be followed by isolating pBKS II DNA, which is done by inserting a restriction enzyme. As single-valued function of the reaction, a catalyst will be used. The catalyst in this experiment will be alkaline-phosphate (AP), which is also a treatment for the lenealised plasmid. Another function of the AP will be prevent ing any partially digested plasmid from re-circulating. Results Plasmids are considered to be vital in helping bacterial hosts, in that they are useful in preventing bacterial infections. They are useful in resistance to antibiotics and degradation of organic complexes. Therefore, it is a positive maneuver for the plasmids to be increased in their production. Reproduction of the genes in the combination will obviously come out with positive results. First, the body will be well prepared to deal with organic complexes.

Current issues in advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Current issues in advertising - Essay ExampleDuke grew to become the leading cigarette brand by 1890 . Woodbury Facial oap, a woman dish antenna bar, wa almot dicontinued in 1910. The oap ale decline wa revered, however, with ad containing image of romantic couple and promie of love and intimacy for thoe uing the brand. Jovan Muk Oil, introduced in 1971, wa promoted with exual entendre and decription of the fragrance exual attraction propertie. A a reult, Jovan, Inc. revenue grew from $1.5 million in 1971 to $77 million by 1978 (Del, 66-111)In contemporary maintream conumer advertiing (e.g., magazine, network and cable televiion), ex i preent in promotional meage for a wide tend of branded good. Ad feature provocative image of well-defined women (and men) in revealing outfit and poture elling clothing, alcohol, beauty product, and fragrance. Advertier uch a Calvin Klein, Victoria ecret, and Pepi ue thee image to cultivate a ubiquitou ex-tinged media preence. Alo, exual information i ued to promote maintream product not traditionally aociated with ex. For example, the Dalla Opera recently revered declining eaon ticket ale by marketing the more laciviou part of it performance. A a reult of it exual promotion trategy, eaon ticket package old out fater than ever before . (Del, 66-111)ince the 1960, reearcher uing ocial cience method have attempted to undertand the role of ex in advertiing for elling brand. pecifically, they have attempted to undertand exactly how exual content catch the advertiing communication proce. In thi article, I organize thi body of reearch by firt defining and decribing common type of exual content examined by invetigator, and past by reviewing major approache in pertinent effect reearch. Finally, I et

Research Paper Prospectus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research Paper Prospectus - Essay ExampleThe major economic concepts to be used in this research accommodate the use of IS-LM curve compend and how the money supply affects disparate variables in the economy. Further, this research will also focus upon exploring as to how Fed has used divers(prenominal) policy tools such as cutting discount rates, increasing liquidity through open market operations as well as new(prenominal) non-traditional tools.The overall expected outcomes of this research may suggest as to whether Fed has been able to exercise different monetary policy tools wisely or not and whether different steps taken demand actually resulted into achievement of Feds objectives especially during current economic crisis.This book provides comprehensive coverage and write up of macroeconomic topics including the one on monetary policy and role of Federal Reserve. The book is co-authored by current Federal Reserve Chairman and Nobel Prize Winner, Ben Bernanke. Chapters on money supply and Fed critically discuss the role of Fed, how it performs and how it interacts with the economy. The overall treatment of the topics, specially the role of money supply in IS-LM curve analysis has been well defined. Apart from this, book also focuses on the impact of money supply on the major economic variables such as inflation, growth and unemployment level. This address is quite good for introductory treatment of important macroeconomics topics.This book offers elementary treatment of different macroeconomic topics. This reference is quite comprehensive however, in discussing different topics of monetary economics at undergraduate level. Further, this book offers a critical insight into the impact of economics on the individual as well as government level choices. As such this reference provides a critical view of how the steps taken by Fed are going to have an effect on the consumers as well as government. This book further discusses

Financial Research Report Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Financial Report - Research Paper ExampleAlso, the company has an enviable customer base that is super loyal towards the iOS platform. The company has maintained historical records of maintaining a customer retention percentage of more than 90%. The analysts and the investors ar considering apple as a robust buy based on the Fibonacci model. The Fibonacci retracements state that the stock equipment casualtys follow a trend of rising ardently, then falling down to a lower price followed by a significant upturn. This justifies the fall of the stock prices in the fourth quarter of 2012 followed by a steep rise in the stock prices start from the first quarter of 2013. Apple is considered as a fundamentally and technically strong company ideal for investment in its stocks (Edwards, 2007). The value driven coarse funds consider Apple as an important stock for investment and almost 40% of these mutual funds hold positions in Apple with more than USD 1 billion of assets. The biggest investors of the world are expected to accelerate the growth of shareholder value of Apple through buy backs and dividend pay-outs. The balance sheet of Apple is strong with zero debt value and high cash reserves of more than USD 1.45 billion. Around 74% of the analysts in the Wall Street hold a strong buy on the shares of Apple Inc. Moreover, the company is projected to surpass the earnings expectations by the end of the last quarter of 2013. The stocks of Apple Inc. represent more than 13% of the 100 stocks in NASDAQ and remain the most famous stock to invest by the hedge funds. Ratio analysis Ratio Analysis for Apple Inc. Ratios 2013 2012 2011 government issue on assets 0.18 0.24 0.22 Current balance 1.68 1.50 1.61 Quick ratio 1.64 1.48 1.58 Debt Equity ratio 0.68 0.49 0.52 Debt ratio 0.40 0.33 0.34 Price earnings ratio 13.96 11.75 13.77 EPS 39.75 44.15 27.68 Working Capital 29628000 19111000 17018000 Return on Assets The Return on Assets percentage indicates the profitability of the assets of a telephone circuit in terms of earning revenue for the business (Brown, 2003). Ideally, the return on assets should be greater than 5%. In the case of Apple Inc. the ratio of net income to total assets decreases from 22% in 2011 to 24% in 2012 and to 18% in 2013. The return on assets ratio for Apple is quite high compared to the industry standards and indicates that the business is efficient in employing the stakeholders assets in generating income. The better use of the assets i.e. debt and equity in a business is represented by a higher percentage of ROA. Though the ROA percentages of Apple Inc. have decreased from 2011 to 2013, yet the investors would consider 18% ROA as a unequivocal factor for investing in the stocks of Apple Inc. Current ratio Current ratio is used to measure how equipped the business ids to pay off its wretched term obligations like payables and debts using the up-to-the-minute assets in the business like inventory, cash and other recei vables. Current ratio is simply calculated by dividing the contemporary assets by the current liabilities which include short term debts and other liabilities that are due within a period of less than a year. An ideal current ratio is valued at 21. The current ratios of Apple Inc. are measured at 1.61 in 2011, 1.50 in 2012 and 1.68 in 2013. Thus, the current ratios of Apple Inc. are strong over the three years indicating that the business

Customer Expectations & Environment Analysis Essay

Customer Expectations & Environment Analysis - Essay ExampleBus services with four lines serving the city and suburbs is complements the transport options. Many of the rooms in this property have a great view of Lake Geneva and surrounding mountains.What we want is to create a set in betwixt where the global glamourous/cool crowd meets the local hip crowd. This potential crowd is served well by the Swiss hospitality. We offer a space where Swiss efficiency meets the simple, modern and productive Scandinavian customs and traditions, providing convenient locations for lunch and after-work drinks.We used Google Hotel Finder to scan the competition in the bea. We found places with pass judgment as high as CHF400 at Lausanne Palace and places as low as CHF112 at Ibis Lausanne. Our target clientelle is well traveled and well-educated business professionals who argon looking for exotic experience(s) rather than product(s) offereing mundane experience(s) and run of the mill environment. We differentiate ourselves from our competition by creating a novel space. Our hotel will offer rates between CHF130-150 including power breakfast, the most important meal of the day, and more importantly free wifi which not many properties have the facility. But it must be kept in opinion that the price(s) will fluctuate depending on the season, day of week, and length of stay etc.Taking into account the location of the property, and bearing in mind the target clients/customers/markets based on the analysis of benefits considered by the said clients/customers/markets, we are propose to brand and position our concept as followsAs can be seen from the proposed pricing, we plan to place ourselves between the 5-star hotels and the economy/ budget ones. However, such a pricing does not mean that we will comprise on the facilities and amenities that are required by our target market. It will be affordable luxury, as expounded by

Illegal immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

extrajudicial immigration - Essay ExampleHowever, such immigrations adversely affect the economy and caller of the United States. The thesis statement for this paper is, economics and social costs of out rectitude(prenominal) immigration outweigh the number of associated benefits. Social and Economic Cost of Illegal Immigration Illegal immigrations put a damaging impact on the economy of a country. Some of the main cause on the economy of a country due to large-scale illegal immigrations include make upd poverty, less traffic opportunities for local tribe, and decreased foreign investment because of increased fear of crimes in immigrant-populated areas. Immigrants are cutting down the wage levels for local Americans (Porter, n. p.). Reports show that many companies in the United States prefer to hire illegal immigrants because they are willing to give-up the ghost for low salaries as compared to the salaries that local people demand. Such situations result in decreasing the n umber of job opportunities for local people because companies fill many job positions with people who demand less money in exchange for job and confidentiality about their legal status in the country. Such situations also cause an increase in the graph of poverty in a country because when local people will not have jobs, they will face shortage of money, and their spend power will decrease as well. Overpopulation in the host country is also an effect of illegal immigrations. The demand and supply system also gets unnatural due to illegal immigrations because economic analysts cannot count the presence of illegal people accurately. In the United States, increase in the number of crimes is also associated with large-scale illegal immigrations. Some percentage of illegal immigrants start engaging in criminal activities when they do not get proper job opportunities even in the certain countries. Increased drug trafficking in the United States is also associated with large-scale illeg al immigrations. As Go states, the US suffers an annual loss of about 70 million dollars due to drug-related illnesses, death, and drug related crimes. Along with high economic impact, crimes and violence also affect the society. Crimes cause threat and terror in the minds of local people because of which they start thinking negatively about all immigrants. Benefits of Illegal Immigration Although there are no apparent benefits of illegal immigrations, if we analyze the positive effects of presence of illegal immigrants deeply, we come to know that they do play a little part in keeping the system running. For example, they do low visibleness jobs from which legal citizens usually keep themselves away, such as, sanitary jobs, waiter jobs, and petrol filling worker jobs. Illegal immigrants do such jobs to earn their livings by hiding themselves from the law enforcement agencies. As Mauriello states, one of the perceived benefits of illegal immigration is that of filling in of low wa ge jobs that a regular American would not be willing to accept. Rights of Illegal Immigrants Basic rights of a somebody remain the same wherever a person lives and in whatever way a person arrives to the other country. In the U.S. constitution, the Fifth, Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments protect the basic rights of all individuals living in the United States. The law grants protection to every individual and applies law for illegal immigrants. Although illegal immigrants

Gender issues in America today Essay Example for Free

Gender issues in America today EssayWomen of the whole world face problems on their way to have disturb rights with men. These problems differ and depend on the polices of the country they springy in. By the last 40 categorys in the US, thanks to the application of womens rights movement, women succeed in the struggle for equal rights, but till the complete equality with men in the aspects of original practice, salary and policy, there be far more left to gain.American women who want to raise their children in the world with more equality try to change the situation and find nigh people who have the same position on the issue among representatives of different political parties and members of nongovernmental organizations. When in 1960 drugs which help to control the birthrate came into existence it became possible for women to l assuagement their own life journey. Marriage, children and housekeeping stopped to be the only opportunity. Harmless and more trusting contrac eption provided women with possibility to appreciate the alternative to only their tralatitious roles in society.At the same time in the 60s the movement for civil rights, de homoding to put an end to racial discrimination and the act about civil rights of the year 1964 undermined the gender discrimination too. This is why the verdure of womens movement in 70s was not just a case of fortune. Representatives of womens movement were demanding equal captain opportunities and law defense for all American women. As a result in 60s 80s the Congress constituted salwaysal laws oriented to protect womens rights.Among them injunction of the Supreme Court of 1965 which opened for women the access to professions earlier considered as mens ones, the injunction of the Supreme Court of 1971 which forbid the employers to deny women with preschool children, and a law published in 1970 which prohibit gender discrimination in all educational programs financed by government. By the end of 70s amon g labor force were more women than ever before in peace history (during the Second World War a stool of women went to work, when their men were on battlefields but after 1945 they returned to household chores). further as women were making progress in the charge their possibilities were gradually restricted. A term glass ceiling describe the invisible barrier which faces a lot of women on their carrier ladder whilst their men-colleagues with the same professional skills and experience avoid all these problems. In the 80s in the US were accepted several laws oriented to ease the affect of glass ceiling so, for example, in 1984 the injunction of the Supreme Court prohibited to oppose to womens joining clubs. Earlier these clubs gave to men the capacity of intercommunication for the advise of further career development.In the same year the Supreme Court resolved that legal services have no right to restrain the career development of their employees in virtue of gender. However the p roblem of glass ceiling is still exist in the US. In 2002 two members of the House of Representatives a man and a woman submitted a report on the problem. The report dwells upon the fact that still too few women occupy administrative positions almost in all spheres. In the report it was also mentioned that the wage gap now is 80 cent gain by woman for every dollar earned by man.The wage gap is a statistical indicator often used as an index of the status of womens stipend relative to mens. It is also used to differentiate the earnings of other races and ethnicities to those of white males, a group generally not subject to race- or sex-based discrimination. The wage gap is expressed as a dower (e. g. , in 2005, women earned 77% as a great deal as men) and is calculated by dividing the median annual earnings for women by the median annual earnings for men. The Equal Pay Act was signed in 1963, making it illegal for employers to pay unequal salary to men and women who hold the sa me job and do the same work.At the time of the EPAs passage, women earned just 58 cents for every dollar earned by men. By 2005, that rate had only increased to 77 cents, an improvement of less than half a penny a year. Minority women fare the worst. African-American women earn just 69 cents to every dollar earned by white men, and for Hispanic women that figure drops to merely 59 cents per dollar. The wage gap between women and men cuts across a wide spectrum of occupations. The Bureau of push Statistics reported that in 2005 female physicians and surgeons earned 60.9% of the median weekly wages of male physicians, and women in sales occupations earned just 63. 4% of mens wages in equivalent positions. If working women earned the same as men (those who work the same number of hours have the same education, age, and union status and live in the same region of the country), their annual family incomes would rise by $4,000 and poverty rates would be cut in half. It is also interesti ng to follow up how the wage gap was changing through years Year Percent Year Percent Year Percent 1 1951 63. 9 20 1970 59. 4 38 1988 66.0 2 1952 63. 9 21 1971 59. 5 39 1989 68. 7 3 1953 63. 9 22 1972 57. 9 40 1990 71. 6 4 1954 63. 9 23 1973 56. 6 41 1991 69. 9 5 1955 63. 9 24 1974 58. 8 42 1992 70. 8 6 1956 63. 3 25 1975 58. 8 43 1993 71. 5 7 1957 63. 8 26 1976 60. 2 44 1994 72. 0 8 1958 63. 0 27 1977 58. 9 45 1995 71. 4% 9 1959 61. 3 28 1978 59. 4 46 1996 73. 8 10 1960 60. 7 29 1979 59. 7 47 1997 74. 2 11 1961 59. 2 30 1980 60. 2 48 1998 73. 2 12 1962 59. 3 31 1981 59. 2 49 1999 72. 2 13 1963 58. 9 32 1982 61. 7 50 2000 73. 3 14 1964 59. 1 33 1983 63. 6 51 2001 76. 3 15 1965 59. 9 34 1984 63.7 52 2002 76. 6 16 1966 57. 6 35 1985 64. 6 53 2003 75. 5 17 1967 57. 8 36 1986 64. 3 54 2004 76. 6 18 1968 58. 2 37 1987 65. 2 55 2005 77. 0 19 1969 58. 9 Here we may see how year after year American women were fighting and wining cent by cent nowadays amount of their salary. in that loc ation are also periods when they were losing positions but on the whole we see gradual percentage growing from 63. 9% in 1951 to 77 in 2005 and the struggle continues. What do women do now? First of all more and more women enter colleges and universities and work within the chosen profession.Women have the opportunity to act participating in operations of nongovernmental organizations as Fund of businesswomen and women-professionals, American association of businesswomen, American association of women with university education, National association of working women ect. Activity of women from nongovernmental organizations is diverse. Some of them collect money for advancement of more women in government. Others like members of American association of businesswomen offer to create unions for experience exchange and improving of professional skills for women who dream about successful career. umteen of these organizations try to influence the US government in order to pass laws orien ted to support the campaign against womens discrimination. Some of them like National womens organization conduct national protest actions drawing attention to the most vexed womens problems. More and more men and women get involved in movement for gender equality, send e-mails to the members of Congress or contribute money to nongovernmental organizations, because they want their daughters to have more opportunities of choice. Women in national policy. Quantity of women represented in national policy grows but that is still not equality.In the year 2004, for example, women occupied 14 out of 100 sit down in the US Senate, 59 out of 425 seats in the House of Representatives (the number of women in legislative body of the US is more than 22. 4%), 2 out of 9 seats in Supreme Court, 3 out of 15 seats in the Presidential Executive Office but there was no woman in the Cabinet. The example of nongovernmental organization working in order to increase the number of women in the US governme nt is the Emilys List, famous for having collect money for election to the US Senate of 6 women which is still remains a record.Women also write letters to the elected representatives, expressing their opinion on topical issues, aggressively intervene in local centers of republican and democrat supporters all over the country, assist to many nongovernmental womens organizations and take part in bus political actions. One of the mass action, oriented to gain gender equality is the program Take Our Daughters to Work. It was started about 10 years ago in order to show to the bordering generation of American women the importance of education, professional womens abilities and to organize forum for girls.Companies permitted to the employees to bring their daughters to work at one day so that they could see the professional life of the parents. Now this day received a name Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work Day. Womens rights movement which was so active in 60s and 70s provided milli ons of American women with the access to education, opportunity of career development, economical independence and strengthened their influence in political sphere.Nowadays US women are able to achieve much more and have more opportunities to choose than 40 years ago. Major part of American women feels their responsibility to create equal society for their children. To have equal rights for American women doesnt mean to be less feminine or less caring for their children. This is something much deeper and more global, that means they should be treated as humans whose ideas are to be taken seriously, who have the opportunity to show their power and who are respected.

Carl Jung and His Theories Essay Example for Free

Carl Jung and His Theories EssayCarl Jungs theories are interesting. He studied the constitution as something very classical to a personit is embedded within us and is what emerges to the outside world so as to be seen by others. His three principles opposition, equivalence and entropy is quite neat and for me, really describe every piece way of interacting with their environment and the way they come to pursue and continue everyday life. I find it true equal that humans have this general life energy (libido) and uses it in everything they do. All of us are rational beings and we always have these drives to get on with things we practically feel that need to be slange. Through our consciousness and unconsciousness, we are able to get past every obstacle and track our missions in life. Carl Jung rationaliseed in his theories that humans do tend to become somebody in order to be accepted by other people and to succeed in life. And for me, he is arduous to convince all of u s that every human, young or old, are born to have visions and views in life, different aspect within us, and a willing to be free and be happyyet all of these are not totally within our reach because of our differences.Thats why Jung, for me, was able to explain why and how people uses different mechanisms to live happily or even just be able to go on with life with his theories. I, as a person, can relate my personality to some of Jungs theories. I can say that I am an Introverted feeling type because in this personality type, it is said that one is capable of deep emotions but avoid any outward expression of it. Yes, this describes me because I am the type of person that is strong on the outside yet fragile on the inside.I tend to really suppress all my emotions because I am afraid to be criticized and be spurned by the people around me especially that most of them are stereotypes. Extraverted thinking type because an individual having this type represses ones feelings and emot ions, is objective in all aspects of life, rigid and cold, and scientist. As what I have said earlier, I hide my emotions to avoid criticism. Also, I always have plans in everything I do in order to achieve positive outcomes even in the simplest things I make, thus making merigid and cold since in line with achieving in life, I lean on focusing to myself and not with others.Introverted thinking type because this personality type describes the person as intensely concerned with privacy and pinch to oneself rather than other people. I always prioritize privacy and I cant live without it. I always keep secrets because I dont trust the people around me that much and I cant risk my privacy to them and due to this, I am more instinct to myself than others because my philosophy in life is to make the best out of myself first before others.Some may say that I am selfish and penurious but thats what I am, I always give myself the most priority I could give. Every person is different and u nique. You may find someone who is like you or like the person you know but lying deep within us is someone only us can come uponif we can. We must respect each other in every way because we are made equal and that everyone should be treated in the same way.

Detailing Product Life Cycles Essay Example for Free

Detailing Product Life Cycles EssayWe may conclude that ISO 14001 has signifi stick outt and direct lolly and wealth creation potentials. Companies contend effective prudence accounting corpses to monitor every costs and benefits that accrue from the ISO 14001 service. Companies likewise pack to marketplace the consumer and social benefits of ISO 14001 efficaciously to targeted market segments for which environmental management matters. ISO 14001 and Seasonal Business p line of descenting Carbides Indian swearingicides clientele, which lay d proclaimd the toxic cloud in Bhopal, was a highly seasonal crease, with uncertainties regarding pest come to the forebreaks and cropping patterns. The accident occurred in December, roughly 100 days after the peak demand for pesticides in that sub-tropical climate, with monsoon-dependant crop acreages. The worldwide tourism business is a nonher congressman of high seasonal fluctuations in demand. Cyclical downturns ar nono rious for taking place when full complements of expert staff atomic human body 18 not accessible, as foreign normal working hours. Any operation with wide differences surrounded by times of peak demand and off-peak times, will inevitably respond by having fewer mess available for watch and ward duties, at some times.environmental Management Systems can never afford to slacken their vigilance, as all dangers and risks are not necessarily related with peak loads. ISO 14001 offers a reliable structure within which systems can operate to adequate standards even during times of low demand. The documentation comport of ISO 14001 can prove to be invaluable in containing the emergent implications of any incident. The tourism industry benefits from ISO 14001, not only beca handling of the off-season protection, but simultaneously because of the demand for eco-tourism and out of sustainability concerns for this gigantic service sector.ISO 14001 is specially useful for any enterprise with high seasonality of demand. It helps schemes leaven infrastructure that can maintain emergency response and environmental management capabilities at optimal costs during the lean seasons. It also helps companies to plan for peak demand in ground of environmental loads. These advantages are over and above the different benefits of the system that apply to all registrants. ISO 14001 and Building Projects The project nature of civil construction, and its high involvement with third fictitious charactery contractors, places a special challenge for ISO 14001.The ripening demand for green mental synthesiss. is a special opportunity for the system. ISO is very well suited for the construction industry, and can help it meet untested demands for sustainability. Much of the some lasting harm to the environment from young industry arises from the materials, processes and designs of buildings and related civil structures. Asbestos abatement has been the focus of many environmen tal management standards of the building industry during the new-fashioned past. Asbestos exposure has occurred 3-4 decades earlier.This is a indexful reminder of the need for LCA in civil construction. The entire ISO 14001 system has a host of similar benefits for all stakeholders in the building industry. Architecture and ISO 14001 share a common emphasis on the design phase of projects, to avoid problems arising out of implementation. Hence, professionals in the construction business are especially amenable to the spirit of ISO 14001. The system has much to contribute by elan of reducing material wastage in construction, and in reducing energy loads of certain use of buildings.ISO 14001 is eminently suited to meet the certification standards of the Green Building Council, and the specifications for Leadership in Energy and purlieual Design (LEED) status. ISO 14001 has additional benefits with compliments to defend come outors from a legal point of view in real e say trans actions. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), accompanies a number of state and local regulations that bewilder major environmental implications.Any business in the construction or real estate business can benefit from ISO 14001, as they will have a move system to choose projects with which they can be involved. They can also plan for full legal compliance as new laws take effect. ISO 14001 has powerful marketing potential for real estate developers. Investors and people on the market for buying homes would be inevitably attracted to projects that have sound environmental management systems in place.Buildings, neighborhoods and cities that make minimal imprints on the environment, that have track records of continual correctment and that make invaluable savings in nourishment resources, will always appreciate and attract communities. ISO 14001 has the potential to become mandatory for new real estate projects, particularly for ones i n places that are rich in natural resources. ISO 14001 and Equator Principles Banks that subscribed to the Equator Principles have often found themselves in touchy situations, having to assess the environmental impacts of projects that for which they consider financing.Conflicting views from miscellaneous stakeholders can be difficult for lenders to reconcile, as many aspects of the matter require local expertise and technological appreciation. ISO 14001 offers a solution for such(prenominal)(prenominal) matters, since it calls for a transparent and systematic assessment of chosen aspects, with a structured audit and review process. The Equator Principles could extend towards fields of transnational endeavor other than funding, and ISO 14001 can be a reliable and universal nosepiece for assessment and continual evaluation.The next decades will see a spurt in funded development projects in queen-sized tracts of the world. There is enormous pressure for large projects designed to bring relievo to rural and urban communities. Funding will be nearlyly across geographical boundaries as capital resources are bear on with countries other than the ones with the physical features for development. Investors and sources of public bullion everywhere will face questions just about environmental management, as they peruse candidate projects from distant locations.ISO 14001 is a beloved solution in these circumstances, for it provides a neutral and universal format in which all developers and governments can plan to manage the environmental impacts of the new projects that they conceive. International bodies can respond to social activists who claim that most development projects cause environmental harm, by asking project owners to use the transparency and accountability of the ISO 14000 series. SME Experience with ISO 14001 The big majority of enterprises in most countries belong to the lilliputian and medium categories.ISO 14001 cannot be the force that it s hould, un little the system proves to be valid, useful and feasible for such organizations. A trivial look at ISO 14001 could lead most observers to conclude that it is too involved and expensive for any but the largest of corporations to afford. However, the reality is that ISO 14001 lends itself to adoption by even small and medium enterprises. An on-line survey of small and medium enterprises (those with fewer than 100 employees) with ISO 14001, displays pleasantly surprising results (International Organization for Standardization, 2005).Pressures to comply with environmental regulations, demands from corporate guests that are higher(prenominal) up in the supply chain and lucrative opportunities in foreign markets, are the three most grand stimulants for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to seek the business advantages of ISO 14001. Many SMEs lose out because they do not seek ISO 14001 certifications, either out of ignorance, or because of wrong impressions they hold of the resources required. There is a clear need to make the systems benefits to a big(p)er extent widely know and more accurately appreciated.Many SME owners incorrectly believe that pollution is an exclusive preserve of large corporations The significant negative contributions of SMEs to environmental management are often ignored, especially if units are scattered and relatively isolated. Many SMEs chit away from ISO 14001 as they are not aware of government and institutional support available for them to secure certification within their means. Some consultants confound the issue by outlying more paperwork and bureaucracy than is necessary for the sizes of some potential clients.SMEs also have the choice to build their EMSs on alternative systems that compete with ISO 14001. It would appear overall that ISO 14001 has a great deal of un employ potential with respect to EMSs for SMEs. This is a marketing challenge for country organizations of the ISO body. SMEs can be very hookful of material and energy, albeit on a relatively small scale. They may not be immediately aware of wastes they generate, but this has a cumulative effect that has to be addressed at some stage. Pest Control Operators and Applicators are classic examples of small enterprises that deal with highly toxic chemicals.The latter can affect wide areas and large communities. All SMEs everywhere can use ISO 14001 to fight competition from die resourced corporations, by using effective EMSs. The move to terminate enterprises that have no controls on the pollution they cause and the hazards inherent in their operations, is current already. Growth is a natural evolution even for SMEs. ISO 14001, apart from protecting business interests as described above, also has the power to afford rapid harvest-feast for SMEs. The Internet enables local companies to achieve global reach.ISO 14001 can help them match their new found logistical strengths with EMSs that work. Any SME with growth ambitions has to us e ISO 14001 as essential infrastructure for its future plans. Summary of Benefits of Environmental Management Systems Environmental management standards help companies to build their transactions across territorial boundaries. It is likely to become a sort of pre-requisite for global corporations. Emerging economies must develop expertise in environmental management to fight non-tariff barriers to markets in go economies. It is an constitutional part of the branding process.Environmental management systems help companies and organizations respond to important concerns of their main stakeholders. It is and so a matter of priority for most entities in the conventional world. Companies from all sectors of the economy have become aware of the pressing need to conserve precious natural resources (Case Studies, 2002). ISO 14001 has enabled companies such as Apple stay abreast of changing regulation on environmental matters. The company was able to eliminate lead from batteries, and la ter to substitute Nickel-Cadmium batteries in line with European Union directives.These are concrete examples of how ISO 14001 helps companies stay in business by conforming in time to new and higher environmental protection standards. Apples switch to lithium ion batteries is an example of how ISO 14001 can squeeze additional ingenuity out of the industrial sector. Progressive companies such as Apple Computers buy productions and run from companies that demonstrate effective commitment to environmental conservation (Case Studies, 2002). Supply chain considerations make ISO 14001 essential for the suppliers of major corporations.The proponents of ISO 14001 started by show-casing the benefits of the discipline in terms of the morality of environmental concerns. The world has moved on since then, and ISO 14001 is no longer an option chosen by those with surplus cash. ISO 14001 has become a vital visa that provides modern-day corporations with the rights to continue business in th e 21st century. The days of firms that do not meet ISO 14001 standards, are numbered. Savings in energy bills provide financial succor to firms that invest in reducing power consumption.This is a good example of the meeting point between the financial and non-financial advantages of environmental management systems. ISO 14001 is voluntary and flexible. It does not enforce any external standards. Companies can tailor their individual EMSs to the nature of their enterprise, and to the levels of expertise they have achieved in environmental management. It is a stable framework for the calculate of modern business that will appeal to professionals, and it is an effective way of extracting new efficiencies out of matured business processes. What Is It?The International Standards Organization, with its impressive name, has given ISO 14000 impressive credentials. The achiever of the ISO 9000 series in promoting quality consciousness has created high expectations in terms of the 14000 se ries enjoying similar success on the environmental front. However, many people are still not aware of the precise nature and scope of ISO 14000. The ISO 14000 series started in 1991 the first standards were published in 1996. It is therefore less well known and understood than the 9000 series which have been used for longer.The ISO 14000 series helps organizations meet environmental issues (Hanson, A. J. not dated). It is a documentation system that sets out objectives with priorities, divides responsibilities amongst a team, and provides for independent audit. It is important to bear in mind that ISO 14000 is not a single system, but rather a series of international standards (Environmental Management Guide 2004). ISO 14001 helps organizations to implement EMS, to reckon conformance to standards, to ensure compliance with relevant regulation and to seek independent certification (Environmental Management Guide 2004).Any organization that uses ISO 14001 disciplines will be better e quipped to deal with the challenges of environmental management. ISO 14001 is one unit of the ISO 14000 series. ISO 14000 is a voluntary system-business houses and organization have rights to decide on whether or not they would like to invest in it. It has a pervasive influence, and calls for serious commitment of time and money. The decision to use ISO 14000 is therefore strategic by nature. though community and key customer pressures can often be motivating factors, some organizations opt for ISO certification out of genuine concern for the environment.ISO 14000 recognizes environmental conservation as an integral part of organizational process, on par with more traditional functions such as Finance, Personnel and so on. The system must integrate with the total company organization and structure, if it is to yield meaningful and lasting benefits. Most companies start their ISO 14000 experiences with the help of experienced consultants, but that does not preclude positionment of s ignificant human resources from an organizations own pool. ISO 14000 has three major sections life cycle analysis, environmental performance evaluation and cross offing (Hanson, A. J. not dated).ISO 14001 in the series is concerned with environmental management systems. Organizations should plan to deploy the full ISO 14000 series over time, though they may start with ISO 14001 for reasons of resource constraints, to obtain the benefits of focus, and to give time to their employees to adjust to the new way of working. The ISO 14000 series is a guide that almost every organization can adapt to its specific needs. The system is very flexible in terms of fitting in to various sets of circumstances. Companies that work for profit have used ISO 14000 more widely than social organizations and government bodies.Firms from diverse segments of industry and even the services have all used ISO 14000 with opposely remarkable success. However, the ISO system is not a packaged solution by itsel f. It is up to each registrant to use the system to its advantage. ISO promotes a new destination of professionalism. The documentation and procedures that the system enjoins on its followers, enforces a systematic approach to issues. It also promotes transparency, and ensures that organizations can respond in uniform direction, with low dependence on individual whims.It is especially useful to deal with emergent situations, and in ones in which a large number of variables require simultaneous consideration. Employees of an ISO 14000 certified organization display new confidence about their responsibilities and can do a more complete job of conserving the environment. ISO 14001 is a new template for modern business. It acknowledges the ubiquitous role of the environment in our lives, and provides paths to sustainable compromises that technology and conventional issues can negotiate with our natural surroundings.The ISO 14000 series can give a new lease of life to a business that i s under attack because of the hazards and toxicity that it entails. It can help a small business rival a large corporation in terms of professional standards. It can help organizations perform uniformly across geographical and cultural boundaries. ISO 14000 is truly the way of the 21st century. There are concrete bread to be earned from the ISO 14000 series. The system is relentless in searching for ways to reduce consumption per unit of output, and ways to reuse or recycle waste and by products.Certification brings access to new markets and strengthens a companys competitive position. There are therefore classic business reasons for using the ISO 14000 system. Environmental Labeling and ISO 14000 Some manufacturers have used the absence of regulations to prepare labels with unsubstantiated ecological claims on labels (Hanson, A. J. not dated). Consumers who would like to support manufacturers of environmentally sound products are hampered by the proliferation of labels that make v ague and even incorrect claims about environmental impacts.Environmental labeling under the ISO 14000 series, corrects this anomaly. This is an important reason for business houses to support ISO 14000. The world is on a move towards the regulation of labeling standards, and companies that do not follow ISO 14000 may soon find themselves excluded from key markets. Three levels of labeling standards are available for manufacturers who would like to use the ISO 14000 system for their products. Most consumers are accustomed to Type 1 Environmental Labels.The latter provide criteria against which each backboneed product is measured. Canada and Germany have adopted these standards. Type II labels will use uniform terms and definitions standards and details will be available in due course. Type III labels seek to provide reading along a set of pre-determined criteria. Such labels are already in use for some nutritional products. Environmental labeling predisposes companies to resort to Life Cycle Analysis. The number of products with environmentally sound labels has grown exponentially since the 1990s (Hanson, A.J. not dated). There were less than 25 such products in the United States in 1989. The number grew to 600 by 1990. It is now a business that exceeds $10 billion. The stage is set for economies in all countries to move over to products and services that can make valid claims about environmental management on their labels. The ISO 14000 deals with environmental management on the basis of the following main principles (Hanson, A. J. not dated) Labeling should be accurate, verifiable, relevant and should be non-deceptive. The party that makes the label should make relevant information about the attributes available to purchasers Labeling should be based on comprehensive scientific methods that are reproducible Information on the process and methodologies should be available to all interested parties Labeling should incorporate where appropriate the life cyc le of the product or service Administrative requirements should not make enfolding difficult Labels should not create unfair trade restrictions Labeling should not inhibit innovation that may improve environmental performance. Labeling criteria should be developed by consensus Environment labeling programs are democratic in nature. Producers can decide to comply of their own volition. Any manufacturer can decide to use the system, regardless of nature, size and location. It therefore gives an opportunity for new industrial entities to seek competitive advantage against entrenched brands. The greater interests of consumers always have over-riding priority. There are four methods available for arrest of claims made on environmental labels.These are Declaration of conformity the manufacturer self-declares conformance Review of supporting documentation the practitioner requires the applicant to provide infotainment evidence of conformity Evaluation of conformity with manufacturi ng phase requirements where the production phase is evaluated Product testing samples of the product are tested (Hanson, A. J. not dated). Companies have to establish monitoring systems to ensure on-going compliance once their label claims have been verified.Environmental labeling is an important development in terms of improving environmental accountability of modern business. It is an integral part of the ISO 14000 process. It is also in the best interests of companies as it costs less than invasive regulation. Since awareness about environmental matters is growing, environmental labeling can improve market share. Products with comprehensive information about environmental impacts on their labels will perform better in highly competitive situations. There is the analogy of air emissions as a buying benefit in the case of automobiles.Clothing made from organic fiber, food free of harmful residues, cosmetics that do not use animal testing, durables that consumers can return to manu facturers for recycling and instructions on how to use dangerous products without causing harm, are all live examples of some of the most successful branding that has been achieved through environmental labeling. This portion of the ISO 14000 package is instrumental in building unbreakable bonds between brand owners and customers, and in improving customer satisfaction. It is therefore a pivotal strategy for profitable and sustainable business growth.ISO 14001 for International Corporations Since environmental standards and concern vary by country, international corporations face dilemmas with respect to environmental management systems. Most of these companies are headquartered and controlled in the first world, though their products, services and operations cover far corners of the glob. Such companies used to follow territory-specific environmental management systems in the past. This has some technical validity, as natural resources, climate and social habits can place such dif ferent demands on business.However, social activists have begun to question the ethics of double standards. International companies have become accountable for following uniform policies and standards wherever they may operate. This can be quite confuse as restrictive requirements are not uniform throughout the world. ISO 14001 offers a path out of these contradictions. Group Managements can influence policy statements and control systems, difference affiliates and subsidiaries to identify aspects, programs and specifications. Audits and reviews provide a uniform basis for transnational comparisons.Certification is a strong defense against unsubstantiated attacks by social activists. Overall, ISO 14001 offers value to organizations that need to harmonize international and local components of environmental management systems. The portability of human resources is a key consideration for international companies. Assignments and transfers to new locations are established means of c ourse development. New perspectives of individuals from exotic markets, often inject new dynamism in to stagnating business sectors.Periodic changes in fitment for key positions ensure transparency and integrity of linkages between companies and its independent suppliers and contractors. There are therefore a host of reasons for international companies to move personnel between countries, markets and sectors. However, continuity of important business processes becomes a concern, as new people fill up crucial positions at various points of the organization. The accumulated learning of an individual, as well as the rationale for pivotal decisions, has to be available for a new incumbent.The environmental aspects of management situations can be too important and irreversible in nature for companies to depend on word-of-mouth interpenetrate between colleagues about the reasons for how operations are conducted. Casual or experimental changes in processes based on theoretical concepts, or based on notions from tangential past experience, can be devastating in environmental terms. The ISO 14001 system plays a most helpful role in such matters. Versions of the manual make up over time serve as invaluable references in managing the evolution of all business processes.Records of management reviews lend authenticity to how things are make in each function and location. Since ISO 14001 is an on-going process, it also allows adequate scope for new incumbents in local organizations to express themselves fully, and to expound their ideas for business improvement. The ISO 14000 series is therefore an alter network for large and inter-changeable teams of professionals to work in a seamless way. Environmental concerns are important for modern branding and new product development processes.Though branding and new product development should be globally uniform for the best returns on investment, environmental aspects can vary across countries, and even within segments of do mestic markets. There can therefore be an inherent conflict between marketing and environmental concerns. The ISO 14001 system offers a way to resolve such conflicts. The policy statement serves to establish universal ground rules within which innovation can be encouraged. The choice of environmental aspects that are chosen for address in individual countries can be adapted to meet local requirements.ISO 14001 helps to define the boundaries between local and global environmental management concerns related to brands and new product development. Group managements of international corporations have to make choices between territories and industrial sectors for resource allocation, especially in terms of financial deployment. Since most projects have long motherhood periods, and may involve very substantial commitments, managers at one central location can always have difficulties in making choices between alternatives at more than one remote location.Local environmental concerns tend to be in flux and there are often crucial differences between the regulatory conditions related to environmental management systems of various countries. Group managements may have to take important decisions in the face of incomplete and uncertain background information. Countries with less transparent and elaborate environmental regulations may either fall by the wayside in investment choices, or at the other extreme, attract funds for new projects without due consideration for the risks involved.ISO 14001 makes it possible to compare opportunities and threats across nations in a fair and even way. Records of come onive audits provide a firm and equal basis to take decisions on the future of operations in various territories. This is apart from serving as a common platform for the evaluation of business performance. Social activism tends to concentrate on large international corporations. Environmental degradation due to poverty, ignorance and by SMEs is often overlooked by non- governmental organizations. Such attacks can occupy limited management time and lead to intractable and unproductive negotiations.An ISO 14001 certification is an effective safeguard in such circumstances. It provides a harmonious platform for diverging views to be addressed, and a participatory format for conflict resolution. Records of management reviews can form crucial evidence in defense of executive action and environmental responsibility. The advantages of the ISO 14000 system for large international corporations are so obvious and pervasive, that one can conclude that all such organizations do have EMSs in place, though they may not always seek certification.It is difficult to conceive of a body conducting business in a sustained way across the globe without any systems for environmental management. The external audit and public scrutiny of the ISO 14000 series is what most management teams would want to avoid. It is possible to conclude that most if not all large internatio nal corporations follow ISO 14000 systems in some form, though they may not find it expedient to join the organization in a lump sense. ISO 14001 in Mergers and Acquisitions.Differences in environmental management systems can confound and delay mergers and acquisitions. Potential buyers may be put off by uncertainties about product liability. Due diligence can be affected by paucity of documentation, and by contradictory verbal feedback from employees and other stakeholders. The entire ISO 14000 series is a way out of such problems. ISO processes serve to assure all parties about the integrity of environmental impact assessments, while successive editions of the manual and audit reports put achievements and progress in valid and measured perspectives.Companies that follow ISO 14001 will find it relatively easy to continue business normally very soon after a merger or an acquisition. There could be major disruptions or unpleasant surprises if an inter-corporate transaction involves a n unregistered entity. ISO 14001 also protects minority and dissenting interests in mergers and acquisitions. Stock market regulators are well advised to insist on ISO registration as a pre-condition to equity restructuring.The case of batteries illustrates how tangential product components can have significant impact on the core strategies of a business. Computers use batteries inevitably, but the technology of their production lies outside the domain of electronics and software. However, ecological concerns about the use of heavy metals such as lead, nickel and cadmium in batteries, and the relatively high rate of product obsolescence in computers, has forced companies in this field to acquire expertise in technologies such as that of lithium ions, and to find sources for commercial supplies of ecologically sound batteries.Computer companies have also to divert major resources to recycling programs that are integral to their products, but the matter of batteries illustrates the in ter-related complications that can be part of doing business in the 21st century. This aspect gives Life Cycle Analysis great value, as it is a systematic way to cover all known environmental impacts that arise as a result of any enterprise. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) seeks to cover all sources of burdens on the environment that the production of a product may entail (Hanson, A.J. not dated).The system covers the consumption of all materials, use of energy in all forms, production processes, supply chains, logistics, waste disposal and recycling. LCA adopts an integrated approach to environmental management, and it works in four stages. Initiation, inventory analysis, impact analysis and rendering are the four stages of LCA. Interpretation is also called improvement analysis. LCA is a vital part of the ISO 14000 system, and it has universal application for all fields of human endeavor.LCA has most utility-grade when designing new products, but the technique can also be used to redu ce the environmental burden of an existing product. Substitutes may compete on the basis of LCA facts, as is the case of disposable diapers versus washable ones. Such comparisons engage healthy debate and help to build indelible opinions about environmental conservation. LCA is integrated and holistic in its approach to environmental concerns. It is especially useful in uncovering hidden risks and costs that may associate in covert manner with some products and services.LCA proceeds in a step-wise manner, toting up the material and energy requirements of each component of a production process, and then presenting a total interpret of the environmental impact of each product or service that is covered. LCA considers waste generations and impacts on air and water at each stage of procurement and production. It also considers distribution and actual use. The ISO 14001 process cannot be complete without full LCA. The Canadian Standards Association has stated LCA benefits in the follo.